Method of making rigid material of t-section from paper



L. A. YOUNG 2,331,067

METHOD OF MAKING RIGID MATERIAL 0F T-SECTION FROM PAPER Oct. 5, 1943.

Filed April 16, 1942 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I N V EN TOR.

Zeb/767W" i r BY 0 5M 026 mm oiemnnwm @ct. 5, 1943. 1... A. YO UNGMETHOD OF MAKING RIGID MATERIAL OF T-SECTION FROM PAPER 2 Sheets-Sheet 2Filed April 16, 1942 INVENTOR. Leo/74122 /7 Patented Get. 5, 1943 METHODOF MAKING RIGID MATERIAL F T-SECTION FROM PAPER Leonard A. Young,Detroit, Mich.

Application April 16, 1942, Serial No. 439,230

18 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in method of making rigidmaterial of T-section from paper.

The main objects of this invention are: First, to provide a method ofmaking or fabricating material of T-section from paper stock which isvery rigid in proportion to the amount of material used and highlysuitable for the yokes of garment hangers and the like.

Second, to provide a method which may be very economically practicedboth in the matter of material and labor.

Objects relatingto details and economies of the invention will appearfrom the description to follow. The invention is defined and pointed outin the claims.

An apparatus by which the method is performed is illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, in which:

Figs. 1 and 1A are diagrammatic illustrations of an apparatus which maybe employed in the practice of the method of my invention, the samebeing especially adapted for the production of garment hanger yokes.

Fig. 2 is a transverse section of a multi-ply web of material resultingfrom the steps illustrated in Fig. 1A and prior to the forming steps.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary transverse section through the scoringrollers which constitute the first forming instrumentality.

Figs. 4, 5 and 6 illustrate successive steps in the forming operationand the instrumentality by means of which they may be successfullyperformed.

Fig. 7 illustrates a succeeding step in which infolded portions arecompactly folded and adhered together.

Fig. 8 illustrates a forming stepfollowin'g that of Fig. 7 and anadhesive applicator.

Fig. 9 illustrates a forlmng step following the application of theadhesive in which the infolded edge portions are inset or compressededgewise against the center portion.

Fig. 10 illustrates a step and means for performing the same followingthat of Fig. 9 in which the inturned portions are compressed laterallyagainst each other, the final step in forming the paper into T-sectionstock.

Fig. 11 illustrates the conformed stock in relation to the first cut-oilmechanism which operates on the web of the formed material.

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary side elevation illustrating the stock incompletely severed relation but in lengths in relation to a secondcutter shown by dotted lines.

Fig. 13 is an enlarged fragmentary view illustrating a section of stockin relation to one pair of a series of curving rolls which is the finalstep in the forming of the material into garment hanger yokes.

Fig. 14 is a fragmentary inverted side elevation of a garment hangeryoke.

In Figs. 1-1A, the steps of the method and.

apparatus by which the same may be performed are diagrammaticallyillustrated and the'various instrumentalities are conventionally shown,and it should also be understood that in the accompanying drawings Ihave not attempted to show the various parts to scale or in relativeproportions.

I represents a roll of paper stock which I, by my method, convert torigid stock or material of T-section providing a top flange portion ofsubstantial width and .a central web portion as illustrated in Figs. 11,12 and 14 where the shape and section of the material are illustrated.

The web 2 of paper is drawn from the roll I and through suitable feedingand straightening rollers 3, 4, whereby the curl of the web issubstantially removed. The paper is then passed through a slittingcouple 5 which divides the web longitudinally, as shown in thisapparatus, into three strips or piles and led through the feeding roller6 and guiding roller 1 to a gluing mechanism 8 by which the lowersurface of all the plies is provided with a coating of glue or adhesive.The three plies are then passed around the guiding and reversing rollers9; I0 and II in association with suitable intermediate rollers wherebythe plies are brought into superimposed relation one with the other withtheir glued surfaces disposed upwardly. In this relation the plies arebrought together over the guide roller l2 in the form of a three-plystrip is as is illustrated in Fig. 2.

This three ply strip is then passed between a scoring couple I 4 shownin enlarged detail in Fig. 3 which comprises coacting male and femalerolls l5 and ii, the roll l5 having annular ribs and the roll l6 havingannular grooves or recesses. The middle pair of ribs of the male scoringroller 15 serves to define initially the bent offsets ll, the portionbetween these offsets constituting a center or middle portion of theweb. The outer pair of ribs and coacting grooves form longitudinal foldlines I8 along which the strip may be folded. This scoring and shapingdivides the web into the central longitudinal portion, the outerlongitudinal portions and the intermediate longitudinal portions. Thescoring and shap ing rollers serve the additional purpose of pressurerollers and firmly unite the plies into strips. After this scoring andshaping operation, the multi-ply strip is subjected to severalsuccessive operations which result in the folding of the edge portionsinwardly upon the intermediate portions. This may be practicallyaccomplished by the mechanism such as shown in 'Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7. Themechanism shown in Fig. 4 comprisesa pair of conical rollers H! whichturn the side and intermediate portions upwardly into a generallyflattened trough or channel section. a

The next step is to turn the edge portions into a right angular relationto the intermediate portions along the scoring line l8, as shown in Fig.5,

and this may be accomplished by the opposed flanged rollers 20, the faceof the roller engaging the edge portions and turning them upwardly whilethe lower flange of the rollers supports the intermediate portions (Fig.5).

The next step is to turn the edge portions inwardly to substantiallycollapsed position on the intermediate portion, as shown in Fig. 6, andthis may be accomplished by opposed grooved rollers 2|. The succeedingstep is that these inturned portions are folded firmly upon theintermediate sections and pressure pp e e to so that the glued surfacesare effectively adhered together. This may be accomplished by themeshing rollers 22, the faces of which are preferably knurled.

At the steps 6 and I the material is preferably compressed slightly andtransversely. The doubled portions are then folded upwardly into atrough-like relation and this may be accomplished by a die-like formingmember 23 through which the strip is drawn, the die member beingsuitably shaped to gradually turn the infolded portions to the positionshown in Fig. 8 in which position glue or suitable adhesive is appliedinto the trough thus provided as by means of the nozzle 25.

A substantial quantity of glue is applied at this point, so that whenthe parts are fully compressed as will be described, the glue squeezesup between the abutting surfaces of inturned portions which constitutethe web and also the edges of these inturned portions are adhered to thecentral portion. The adhesive also serves as a stiffening medium.

Following the application of the adhesive, the infolded portions arebrought into side by side abutting relation as shown in Fig. 9, therollers 26 having flanges 21 which provide a groove 28 receiving theinfolded portions and applying radial pressure thereto so that theseinfolded portions are forced or compressed radially relative to theroller and into abutting sealing and supporting relation to the centralportion of the web. This step is quite clearly illustrated in Fig.9.

The following step illustrated in Fig. may be performed by means of thepressure rollers 29 which engage opposite sides of the infolded webportions, forcing and compressing thern together and further adheringthem, the thus formed strip being supported by the grooved roller 30 sothat there is a compound compressing movement for compressing and firmlyadhering the material in its final T-shaped stock, as shown in Figs. 11,12 and 14.

This brings the stock to its final T-section, as shown in Fig. 11, inwhich figure I illustrate the stock in relation to a pair. of coacting jcutters 3|, 32 which form V-shaped cuts in the Web, these cutters actingin a horizontal direction. The cutter 33 acts at right angles to thecutters 3i and 32 and is designed to cut through the flange of theT-shaped stock.

The purpose of the V-shaped cutters is to provide the beveled ends 34for the web portion 35 of the stock when it is intended for use as agarment hanger yoke, as shown at 38 in Fig. 4.

When the stock is to be used for garment hanger yokes, it is curved, asshown in Fig. 14, and this is accomplished by passing through a seriesof curving rollers 31, 38, both of which are flanged so that the stockis supported against distortion while it is being curved. This curvingoperation is performed before the setting of the glue or other adhesive.The severed stock is fed to these forming rollers 31, 38 positively by aseries of pressure and feed rolls 39 which prevent the stock opening upbefore the adhesive has set. The curving rollers, or certain of them,may, if desired, be heated to facilitate the setting of the adhesive. Ifdesired, the web portion may be indented orcrimped to facilitate curvingor where greater curvature than that illustrated is desired.

By this method, very rigid garment hanger yokes or rigid stock desiredfor other purposes may be very rapidly and economically produced. Whilethe method is well adapted for use in making garment hanger yokes, theproduct is also desirable for various other purposes, particularly atthe present time when conserving of metal is greatly important. Theapparatus illustrated is highly eflicient. for the purpose but I amaware that other apparatus may be used with very satisfactory results.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is:

1. The method of fabricating garment hanger yokes and the like of paperstock comprising feeding a web of paper and slitting longitudinally intoa plurality of strips of equal width, applying adhesive to the strips,and superimposing the strips to provide a multi-ply strip having anadhesive coated surface, scoring the said multi-ply strip longitudinallyto facilitate folding and provide a central portion, a pair of opposededge portions and intermediae portions between said edge and centralportion, successively folding the edge portions to a substantially rightangular position and then inwardly upon and into adhering relation withthe said intermediate portions, turning the thus doubled portions to anangular relation to said central portion, depositing further adhesiveupon said central portion, folding the said double portions together andcompressing them edgewise upon the said central portion and compressingthe infolded portions against each other thereby providing a central webportion in supporting relation to said central portion and to the flangeconstituted by said central portion of said strip, severing into lengthsby forming V-shaped cuts through the said central web portion and cutsthrough the said flange portion coincident and normal to the said V-shaped cuts, whereby to define lengths, the ends at the web portion orwhich are beveled, and thereafter conforming the said lengths intocurvilinear outline by gradually concaving the same on the web sidethereof, all of the said conforming steps being performed prior to thesetting of the adhesive.

2. The method of fabricating garment hanger yokes and the like of paperstock comprising feeding and superimposing strips bearing adhesive toprovide a multi-ply strip. scoring the said multl-ply striplongitudinally to facilitate folding and provide a central portion, apair of opposed edge portions and intermediate portions between saidedge and central portion, folding the edge portions inwardly upon andinto adhere ing relation with the said intermediate portions, turningthe thus doubled portions to an angular relation to said centralportion, depositing further adhesive upon said central portion, foldingthe said double portionstogether and compressing them edgewise upon thesaid central portion and compressing the infolded portions against eachother thereby providing a central web port on in supporting relation tosaid central portion and to the flange constituted by said centralportion of said strip, severing into lengths by forming V-shaped cutsthrough the said central I web portion and cuts through the said flangeportion coincident and normal to the said V-shaped cuts, whereby todefine lengths, the ends at the web portion of which are beveled, andthereafter conforming the said lengths into curvilinear outline bygradually concaving the same on the web side thereof, all of the saidconforming steps being performed prior to the setting of the adhesive.

3. The method of fabricating garment hanger yokes and the like of paperstock comprising feeding and superimposing strips bearing adhesive toprovide a multi-ply strip, scoring the said multi-ply striplongitudinally to facilitate folding and provide a central portion, apair of opposed edge portions and intermediate portions between saidedge and central portion,

folding the edge portions inwardly upon and into adhering relation withthe ,said intermediate portions, folding the said double portionstogether to form a central web portion and compressing them edgewiseupon the said central portion to form a flange portion and severing intolengths by forming V-shaped cuts through the said central web portionand cuts through the said flange portion coincident and normal to thesaid V-shaped cuts, whereby todefine lengths, the ends at the webportion of which are beveled, and thereafter conforming the said lengthsinto curvilinear outline by gradually concaving the same on the web sidethereof, all of the said conforming steps being performed prior to thesetting of the adhesive.

4. The method of fabricating paper stock into strips of T-sectioncomprising feeding a web of paper and slitting longitudinally into aplurality of strips of equal width, applying adhesive to the strips, andsuperimposing the strips to provide a multi-ply strip having an adhesivecoated surface, scoring the said multi-ply strip longitudinally tofacilitate folding and provide a central portion, a pair of opposed edgeportions and intermediate portions between said edge and centralportion, successively folding the edge portions to a substantially rightangular position and then inwardly and into adhering relation with thesaid intermediate portions, turning the thus doubled portions to anangular relation to said central portion, depositing further adhesiveupon said central portion, folding the said double portions together andcompressing them edgewise upon the said central portion and compressingthe infolded portions against each other thereby providing a central webportion in supporting relation to said central portion and to edgesthereof inwardly a termediate portions between said edge and centralportions, folding the edge portions inwardly upon and into adheringrelation with the said intermediate portions, and folding the saiddouble portions together and compressing them edgewise upon the saidcentral portion to define a T-shaped cross sectional outline.

6. The method of fabricating paper garment hanger yokes, comprisingfeeding a multi-ply strip of paper while progressively forming the sameto stock of T-section by folding the side plurality of times, severin-gsaid stock into lengths by a 'V-shaped cut through the web of saidT-section and a cut through the flange thereof coincident with andnormal to said first named cut whereby to define lengths having angledends on the web thereof, and subsequently conforming said lengths intocurvilinear outline by gradually concaving the same on the web sidethereof.

7. The method of fabricating papergarment hanger yokes, comprisingfeeding a multi-ply strip of paper while progressively forming the sameto stock of T-sectlon by folding the side edges thereof inwardly aplurality of times, severing said stock into lengths by a V-shaped cutthrough the web of saidv T-section and a cut through the flange thereofcoincident with and strip of paper while progressively forming the sameto stock of T-section, and severing said stock into lengths by a cutthrough the web of said T-section and a cut through the flange thereofcoincident with and normal to said first named cut whereby to definelengths having angled'ends on the web thereof.

9. The method of fabricating garment hanger yokes, comprising feedingand uniting a plurality of paper strips, gradually and progressivelyfolding the edges of the resultant multi-ply strip inwardly upon thebody thereof and toward and into contact with one another by externallyapplied forces alone, compressing said edges centrally of the strip andonto thecenter portion thereof to define a T-shaped cross sectionaloutline, severing the thus folded and compressed stock by an angular cutdirected transversely of the web of said T-shaped outline and parallelto the flange thereof and by a further out coincident with said out andnormal to the flange whereby to define lengths having angular-endedwebs, and gradually curving said lengths by bending the same concavelyon the web side thereof.

10. The method of fabricating garment hanger yokes, comprising foldingthe edges of an advancing multi-ply strip inwardly upon the body thereofand toward and into contact with one another to define a T-shaped crosssectional outthe flange constituted by said central portion of allycurving said lengths by bending the same concavely on the web sidethereof.

11. The method of fabricating garment hanger yokes, comprisingprogressively folding an ad;- vancing strip to define a cross-sectionaloutline including a flanged portion and a web extending normal thereto,severing the thus folded stock by an angular cut directed transverselyof said web and parallel to said flanged portion and by a further outcoincident with said cut and normal to the flanged portion, whereby todefine lengths having angular-ended webs, and gradually curving saidlengths by bending the same concavely n the web side thereof.

12. The method of fabricating garment hanger yokes, comprisingprogressively folding an advancing strip to define a cross-sectionaloutline including a flanged portion and a'web extending normal thereto,severing the thus folded stock, and gradually curving said lengths bybending the same concavely on the web side thereof.

13. The method of fabricating paper stock into rigid strips ofT-section, comprising feeding and uniting a plurality of paper strips,folding the edges of the multi-ply strip inwardly upon the body thereofand into contact with one another, and compressing said edges centrallyof the strip and onto the center portion thereof to define a T-shapedcross sectional outline.

14. The method of fabricating paper stock into rigid strips ofT-section, comprising advancing a multi-ply strip formed of apluralityof plies of adhered paper strips, scoring the said multiply striplongitudinally to facilitate folding and provide a central portion, apair of opposed edge portions and intermediate portions between saidedge and central portions, folding the edge portions inwardly upon andadhering to the said intermediate portions, folding such double portionstogether-and compressing themiedgewise upon the said central portion andadhering them to each other and to said central portion, and compressingthe infolded portions against each other thereby providing a central webportion in supporting relation to said central portion.

15. The method of fabricating paper stock into rigid strips ofT-section, comprising advancing a multi-ply strip formed of a pluralityof plies of adhered paper strips, scoring the said multi-ply striplongitudinally to facilitate folding and provide a central portion, apair of opposed edge portions and-intermediate portions between saidedge and central portions, folding the edge portions inwardly upon andadhering to the said intermediate portions, and folding such doubleportions together and compressing them edgewise upon the said centralportion and adhering them to each other and to said central portion todeflne a T-shaped cross sectional outline.

16. The method of fabricating paper stock into rigid strips of T-sectioncomprising advancing a multi-ply strip formed of a plurality of plies ofadhered paper strips, scoring the said multi-ply strip longitudinally tofacilitate folding and provide a central portion, a pair of opposed edgeportions and intermediate portions between said edge and centralportions, folding the edge portions inwardly upon and adhering to thesaid intermediate portions, and folding the said double portions intoside by side adhering relation and forcing them against the said centralportion to define a T-shaped cross sectional outline.

17. The method of fabricating paper stock into rigid strips of T-sectioncomprising advancing a multi-ply strip formed of a pluralityof plies ofadhered paper strips, folding the edge portions inwardly upon andadhering to adjacent portions with a central portion of the stripbetween their infolded edges, folding the said double portions togetherand compressing them edgewise upon the said central portion and adheringthem to each other and to said central portion, and compressing theinfolded portions against each other thereby providing a central webportion in supporting relation to said central portion.

18. The method of fabricating paper stock into rigid strips of T-sectioncomprising advancing a multi-ply strip formed of a plurality of plies ofadhered paper strips, folding the edge portions inwardly upon andadhering to adjacent portions with a central portion of the stripbetween their infolded edges, and folding the said double portionstogether and compressing them edgewise upon the said central portion andadhering them to each other and to said central portion to define aT-shaped cross sectional outline.

LEONARD A. YOUNG.

